Tiven Wang
Tiven Wang
Tiven Wang
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ABAP CDS - Developing New Transactional Apps using CDS part 4 - Adding Field and Action Control

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Wang Tiven November 21, 2019
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接上一篇 ABAP CDS - Developing New Transactional Apps using CDS part 2 我们创建一个基本 CRUD 功能的 Business Object 和 Fiori App 并添加了自定义的 Action 做对 Business Object 的某种操作. 我们在第一篇里在表里加了加 Admin 字段的结构 /BOBF/S_LIB_ADMIN_DATA 但是在创建记录时并没有相应的数据写入, 这是为什么呐. 本篇我们将介绍需要为 Business Object CDS 增加一些 Annotations 来标记哪些字段是 Semantics Admin 相关的, 这样系统在创建 Business Object 时会自动生成相应的 Determination 来写入系统数据.

什么是 Determination

为 Business Object CDS 添加相关 Annotations

修改 Business Object 对应的 CDS 增加四个 Admin 相关的字段, 并为其添加注解

define view ZDEMO_I_SalesOrder_TX
  as select from ztab_so as SalesOrder {

  ...

  @Semantics.systemDateTime.createdAt: true
  @ObjectModel.readOnly: true
  crea_date_time,

  @Semantics.user.createdBy: true
  @ObjectModel.readOnly: true
  crea_uname,

  @Semantics.systemDateTime.lastChangedAt: true
  @ObjectModel.readOnly: true
  lchg_date_time,

  @Semantics.user.lastChangedBy: true
  @ObjectModel.readOnly: true
  lchg_uname,

  ...
}

这四个字段是来自于表 ztab_so 的 Admin 结构 /BOBF/S_LIB_ADMIN_DATA, 为其添加 CDS Annotations @Semantics

  • @Semantics.systemDateTime.createdAt 创建时间
  • @Semantics.user.createdBy 创建用户
  • @Semantics.systemDateTime.lastChangedAt 最后更改时间
  • @Semantics.user.lastChangedBy 最后更改用户

激活后其对应的 Busiess Object ZDEMO_I_SALESORDER_TX 的 Determinations 中会增加一个名为 ADMINISTRATIVE_DATA 的 Determination, 它使用了一个系统类 /BOBF/CL_LIB_D_ADMIN_DATA_AI 来实现 Admin 字段的写入逻辑. 可以看到此 Determination 的 Trigger Conditions 是节点的创建和更新, 执行的时间点是 During Save (Before Writing Data).

我们来分析一下此 Determination 的类 /BOBF/CL_LIB_D_ADMIN_DATA_AI 的逻辑, 它里面有这样一段代码

  " get node model of the assigned of the determination
  DATA(lo_conf) = /bobf/cl_frw_factory=>get_configuration( iv_bo_key = is_ctx-bo_key ).
  lo_conf->get_node(
    EXPORTING iv_node_key = is_ctx-node_key
    IMPORTING es_node     = DATA(ls_node) ).

此段会根据 Business Object 节点 Key 获取其 Node 配置信息, ABAP 类型为 /BOBF/S_CONFRO_NODE, 此类型里面有 SEMANTICS_CREATED_AT 这样的一些字段, 系统接口 /BOBF/IF_FRW_CONFIGURATION 已经封装好了将 CDS Annotations 转换到此结构字段上的逻辑, 所以我们可以通过 SEMANTICS_CREATED_AT 得到对应的 Business Object 字段.

这里需要注意在 Business Object 的 CDS 里设置 Semantics 字段时不能为字段起别名(如下错误写法), 因为如果这样系统就会拿到字段别名而与物理表对应不起来了

@Semantics.systemDateTime.createdAt: true
@ObjectModel.readOnly: true
crea_date_time as CreationDateTime,

输出到 OData Service

还可以继续将此四个 Admin 字段输出到 OData Service 的 CDS View, 这里就可以为 Admin 字段起别名了.

@OData.publish: true
define view ZDEMO_C_SalesOrder_TX
  as select from ZDEMO_I_SalesOrder_TX as Document
{
  ...

  Document.crea_date_time as CreationDateTime,

  Document.crea_uname as CreatedByUser,

  Document.lchg_date_time as LastChangedDateTime,

  Document.lchg_uname as LastChangedByUser,

  ...
}

测试

Post 到 /sap/opu/odata/sap/ZDEMO_C_SALESORDER_TX_CDS/ZDEMO_C_SalesOrder_TX

{
  "SalesOrder": "2000018"
}

可以得到如下返回结果

{
    "d": {
        "__metadata": {
            "id": "https://example:8000/sap/opu/odata/sap/ZDEMO_C_SALESORDER_TX_CDS/ZDEMO_C_SalesOrder_TX('2000018')",
            "uri": "https://example:8000/sap/opu/odata/sap/ZDEMO_C_SALESORDER_TX_CDS/ZDEMO_C_SalesOrder_TX('2000018')",
            "type": "ZDEMO_C_SALESORDER_TX_CDS.ZDEMO_C_SalesOrder_TXType"
        },
        "Set_to_paid_ac": true,
        "SalesOrder": "2000018",
        "BusinessPartner": "",
        "CurrencyCode": "",
        "GrossAmount": "0.00",
        "NetAmount": "0.00",
        "BillingStatus": "",
        "OverallStatus": "",
        "CreationDateTime": "/Date(1574254108303+0000)/",
        "CreatedByUser": "MO004466",
        "LastChangedDateTime": "/Date(1574254108303+0000)/",
        "LastChangedByUser": "MO004466",
        "to_BillingStatus": {
            "__deferred": {
                "uri": "https://example:8000/sap/opu/odata/sap/ZDEMO_C_SALESORDER_TX_CDS/ZDEMO_C_SalesOrder_TX('2000018')/to_BillingStatus"
            }
        },
        "to_BusinessPartner": {
            "__deferred": {
                "uri": "https://example:8000/sap/opu/odata/sap/ZDEMO_C_SALESORDER_TX_CDS/ZDEMO_C_SalesOrder_TX('2000018')/to_BusinessPartner"
            }
        },
        "to_Currency": {
            "__deferred": {
                "uri": "https://example:8000/sap/opu/odata/sap/ZDEMO_C_SALESORDER_TX_CDS/ZDEMO_C_SalesOrder_TX('2000018')/to_Currency"
            }
        },
        "to_OverallStatus": {
            "__deferred": {
                "uri": "https://example:8000/sap/opu/odata/sap/ZDEMO_C_SALESORDER_TX_CDS/ZDEMO_C_SalesOrder_TX('2000018')/to_OverallStatus"
            }
        }
    }
}

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